Aetiologies of Chronic Emaciation: Trematodiasis and Secondary/Concurrent Organ Compromise in Off-Take Cattle in Ibadan Metropolis
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Published
Aug 12, 2020
Page:
42-56
Main Article Content
Simon, Akhaine
College of Veterinary Surgeons, Nigeria.
Olalekan T. Jeremiah
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Ameen Saliu Akanni
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin, Nigeria.
Abstract
Aims: The primary aim of the investigation was to determine the trend and most significant cause of chronic emaciation and cachexia in off take cattle in Ibadan metropolis; and evaluate clinico- pathologic findings.
Study Design: The study was a prospective one. In this particular study, causative factors of chronic emaciation were examined. The purposive sampling technique was used for this study. Samples were collected from 100 chronically emaciated off take cattle of different breeds, sexes and ages, not less than 2 years old.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria, between September, 2019 and December, 2019.
Methodology: The diagnostic protocol of complete physical examination; and comprehensive laboratory investigations such as parasitology, haematology, serum chemistry and urinalysis, etc., were followed as a minimum.
Results: The study revealed a trend of aetiologies of emaciation with trematodiasis due to Fasciola hepatica and Dicrocoelium dendriticum as primary causes. Secondary and concurrent organ dysfunctions were important findings. The haematologic parameters of packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), neutrophil and platelet count were statistically significant (p<0.05) with differences between the mean values of emaciated cases and control subjects. The serum chemistry parameters of albumin, globulin, bilirubin, aspartate amino transferase (AST) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) were statistically significant (p<0.05) with differences between the mean values of emaciated cases and control subjects.
Conclusion: The study established trematodiasis with secondary or concurrent organ compromise as one of the important aetiologies of chronic emaciation and cachexia in cattle in Ibadan metropolis. The increasing prevalence of dicrocoeliasis as revealed in the study should be of epidemiological and clinical relevance to livestock health institutions and large animal practitioners in northern Nigeria where these animals are sourced.
Keywords:
Aetiologies, chronic emaciation, cachexia, trematodiasis, organ compromise, cattle, Ibadan metropolis.
Article Details
How to Cite
Akhaine, S., Jeremiah, O. T., & Akanni, A. S. (2020). Aetiologies of Chronic Emaciation: Trematodiasis and Secondary/Concurrent Organ Compromise in Off-Take Cattle in Ibadan Metropolis. Asian Journal of Research in Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 6(1), 42-56. Retrieved from https://www.journalajravs.com/index.php/AJRAVS/article/view/30106
Section
Original Research Article
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Available:https://doi.org/10.2754/avb20187030205
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Reddy BS, Sivajothi S, Rayulu VC. Clinical coccidiosis in adult cattle. J Parasit Dis. 2015;39(3):557–559.
DOI: 10.1007/s12639-013-0395-1
PMCID: PMC4554573 PMID: 26345070
Love SCJ, Hutchinson GW. Pathology and diagnosis of internal parasites in ruminants in gross pathology of Proceedings 350 Post Graduate Foundation in Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney. 2003;309-338.
Haroun EM, Hussein MF. Clinico-pathological studies on naturally occurring bovine fascioliasis in the Sudan. Journal of Helminthology. 1975;49(3):143-152.
Available:http://doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00023567.
(Published Online: 1st June, 2009)
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(Accessed 30th April, 2019)
Available:www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/index.jsp?cfi le=htm/bc/toc_50000.htm
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Wittek T. Overview of Malassimilation syndromes in large animals.
(Last Modified, May, 2014)
(Accessed 14th June, 2019)
Available:www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/index.jsp?cfi le=htm/bc/toc_50000.htm
Jalali SM, Ghorbanpour M, Jalali MR, Rasooli A, Safaie P, Norvej F, Delavari I. Occurrence and potential causative factors of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia in cattle and river buffaloes. Veterinary Research Forum. 2018;9(1):7-12.
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(Accessed 12th March, 2020)
Available:www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/index.jsp?cfi le=htm/bc/toc_50000.htm
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(Last Modified Aug. 2014)
(Accessed 11th March, 2020)
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(Accessed 12th March, 2020)
Available:https://www.nadis.org.uk
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Available:https://doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0720 (15)31051-3
Ballweber LR. Fasciola hepatica in ruminants.
(Last Modified Aug. 2014)
(Accessed 28th February, 2020)
Available:www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/index.jsp?cfi le=htm/bc/toc_50000.htm
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